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Volume 36, Issue 1, Pages 1-10 (February 2009)


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The Evolution of Health Care in America

Michael J. Zinner, MD, Kevin R. Loughlin, MD, MBACorresponding Author Informationemail address

The evolution of health care in America had its beginnings even before the founding of the nation. This article divides the evolution of American health care into six historical periods: (1) the charitable era, (2) the origins of medical education era, (3) the insurance era, (4) the government era, (5) the managed care era, and (6) the consumerism era.

Department of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 45 Francis Street, ASB 11-3, Boston, MA 02115, USA

Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.

PII: S0094-0143(08)00092-X

doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2008.08.005


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